Financial plan for car dealership Many families have two or more cars. Analyzing a car dealership business plan financials is crucial for success. Key Components of Strategic Financial Planning for Car Dealers. Oct 2, 2024 · Financial Planning: The Backbone of Your Dealership. A car dealership business plan is a detailed plan that will help you take your business to the next level. Executive summary. The new and used car marketplace is increasingly competitive, along with the options available for financing to dealerships. By following the step-by-step blueprint covered in this guide including conducting demand analysis, obtaining licenses, selecting apt locations and managing inventory diligently, you can set up your Apply for your dealer floor plan financing program now! We Place Buying Power, Back Your Hands! Traditional financing for used car dealers restricts the car trading business to only using the funds for the vehicle being acquired. Due to the recent success of the new car market, there is a large inventory of used cars available for re-sale. Acquiring Land or Building for Dealership Location. Executive Summary This template can be used to create a business plan for any type of used car dealership, including but not limited to: pre-owned vehicle sales, financing options, and specialized car lots. Acquiring a Floor Plan Before lending funds, floor plan financing companies will often ask dealers to provide additional information and documentation to verify dealership details. car dealership business plan – balance sheet car dealer car dealership car sales used cars car services retail financial plan financial model startup financial analysis Description A car dealership, or car dealer, is a business that sells new or used cars, at the retail level, based on a dealership contract with an automaker or its sales subsidiary. Apply now! THE INDEPENDENT FLOORPLAN COMPANY FOR INDEPENDENT DEALERS LIKE YOU THE INDEPENDENT FLOORPLAN COMPANY FOR INDEPENDENT DEALERS LIKE YOU Apply Now I AM NEW TO FLOOR PLANS And I am interested in: Learning more about Like your dream car, the correct selection of features is essential to auto dealership success and longevity. Here are some steps you can follow to devise a financial plan for your car dealership business plan: A complete Business Plan of more than 40 pages . It incorporates essential elements such as market analysis, operational strategies, and financial forecasts tailored to the unique challenges and Unlock the future of automotive retail with our comprehensive business plan template, designed to drive your dealership to success. 5% annually through 2025. This includes a description of the company’s mission, a market analysis of the target audience, a description of the products and services offered, and a financial plan that outlines the potential for profitability. How much does it cost to open a car dealership? What is the average budget? Starting a car dealership requires a substantial investment, with costs ranging on average from $100,000 to $500,000 Nov 22, 2024 · Welcome to "The Complete Guide to Car Dealership Business Financing and Raising Capital," where we provide valuable insights into the financial aspects of running a successful car dealership. Jun 22, 2024 · Managing Floor Plan Financing. A detailed financial forecast, including break-even analysis and cash flow projections, helps in making informed decisions. Our mission is to provide our customers with an unparalleled car buying and owning experience. If a dealer wants to purchase cars at an auction or outside an auction to fill their lot, they can take a loan or line of credit from the floor plan finance company to buy those cars. Jan 29, 2024 · Drive your car dealership to success with our comprehensive business plan example! Get a free, detailed roadmap to navigate the competitive auto market and accelerate your business growth. When planning to start a car dealership, it is crucial to understand the car dealership startup costs involved. Financial Plan Income Statement. Nov 23, 2024 · Financial projections need to be thorough. Insurance premiums represent a significant portion of the operating costs of a used car dealership. This should include potential market size and target customers, the services or products you will offer, pricing strategies and a detailed financial forecast. Welcome to AFS, a leading provider of dealer floor plan services. Kinetic Advantage is a dealer floor plan provider offering dealership floorplans with top-notch service and no hidden fees. Dec 20, 2024 · Develop a Solid Business Plan: Craft a detailed car dealership business plan that outlines your vision, target market, competitive analysis, financial projections, and marketing strategies for car dealerships. To ensure the financial viability of the new car dealership, it is crucial to identify and analyze potential revenue streams. Feb 11, 2024 · The key components of a car dealership business plan include market analysis, financial planning, and operational strategy, among others. Overhead expenses 3. Sep 30, 2024 · A well-crafted financial plan helps you understand the cost to start a used car dealership, navigate your initial investment used car dealership, and set realistic financial goals. 1. S. Well, launching a successful car dealership depends on a strong business plan—the only way to ensure your business grows and succeeds. New car sales have enjoyed the largest single month gain in October up 24%. Dec 20, 2024 · For detailed financial planning and profitability analysis, consider leveraging this car dealership financial model to optimize your dealership's operations. ). Our car dealership consulting for MSA and dealership consulting services are designed to offer not just advice, but a comprehensive strategic plan that includes every facet of dealership operations. Bank of America’s Dealer Financial Services has comprehensive insight, from driving dealership diversity to navigating tight labor markets and planning for further down the road. car dealership business plan – income statement Balance Sheet. It is important to have an initial financing plan when starting a car dealership so you can make sure you have enough money to cover all of your initial investments. When a dealer sells the vehicle, the loan advanced against it is repaid. Sep 30, 2024 · To explore a detailed financial plan for running your own used car dealership, visit this link. Strategies for Service-to-Sales Success. In 2023, car dealerships accounted for over $900 billion in total revenue, spanning sales, services, and parts. The goal of our dealership consultants for MSA is to provide your business with the tools and knowledge necessary to succeed in today's market. A business plan should provide a comprehensive overview of the business and its operations. The application process varies depending on the company. Includes fully integrated monthly and annual Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement, and inventory logic to plan out how long each vehicle type sits on the lot before being purchased. Jul 14, 2023 · A successful car dealership should aim for a gross profit margin of 20-25% on new vehicles and 30-35% on used vehicles. Players in the used car dealership industry sell used cars and they may fall into any of the following niche areas; brick and mortar used cars dealership shop, online used cars dealership shop, used luxury cars dealership business and multi – brand and multi – maker used car dealers. If you are required to have a cosigner when buying a vehicle. Welcome to the Car Dealership Company Financial Model and Valuation, your ultimate solution for making well-informed investment decisions in the car dealership industry. Mar 4, 2024 · A car dealership business plan template includes setting goals and objectives, defining strategies, creating an operational system, identifying your target market, financial projections, competitive analysis, sales strategy, operations plan. Jan 29, 2024 · A financial plan for a car dealership is a comprehensive guide that helps you navigate the financial aspects of your automotive business. Dec 10, 2024 · According to industry studies, approximately 15-20% of startups in the used car dealership business face significant financial hurdles in their first year. These fluctuations can depend on various factors such as location, dealership size, and the number and type of vehicles sold. For Borrowers and Lenders . According to a report by National Automobile Dealers Association, the car dealership industry is a fragmented one, as the majority of operators are single-location businesses and employ fewer than 20 people. Oct 3, 2024 · Car dealer financing is a type of auto loan provided by the dealer where you purchased the vehicle. Dec 16, 2024 · Pros. Car Dealership Business Plan Example – DriveDream Motors Table of Contents. For example, you would pay $7,275 on interest if you Dec 18, 2023 · Used Car Dealership - 5 Year Pro-Forma Excel Financial Model by Jason Varner. With the right strategy, opening a car dealership like EcoDrive Autos can be a feasible venture even with limited funding. g. Car dealers can take advantage of flooring lines to purchase their inventory and increase their cash flow. Techniques for accurate forecasting involve Nov 22, 2024 · Crafting a comprehensive financial plan is a crucial step in developing a successful business plan for your car dealership. Dealer Floor Plan Financing . Jul 8, 2024 · A car dealership business plan is essential for several reasons, particularly because it acts as a roadmap for your business’s future and is often necessary to secure financing. Sep 30, 2024 · A well-structured business plan for a car dealership should include financial projections, operational strategies, and a clear vision for the dealership's mission. This article not only breaks down the critical components of a car dealership business plan, but also provides an example of a Develop A Car Dealership Business Plan - The first step in starting a business is to create a detailed car dealership business plan that outlines all aspects of the venture. Jun 20, 2019 · Once you’ve decided which car dealership floor plan lender is right for your business, it’s time to apply! Some companies, such as NextGear Capital, allow you to begin the application process online. Nov 1, 2024 · Highlight market opportunities: Present statistics showing that the new car dealership business is projected to grow at a rate of approximately 4. Much of the information from the paid version, including the integrated financial graphs and charts have been removed from this version. Car dealership business plan example. Financial Highlights. Jun 23, 2022 · It’s an inventory financing plan that can help your car dealership source and stock vehicles you may otherwise not be able to afford. Sep 30, 2024 · What Are The Essential Financial KPIs For Used Car Dealership Business? For a successful used car dealership like DriveSmart Auto Exchange, tracking financial KPIs is crucial. Nov 22, 2024 · By focusing on customer relationships, exceptional service, and effective marketing strategies, new car dealerships can differentiate themselves and thrive in a competitive market. Having a well-written plan that will guide you through all the challenges of starting and running a car dealership business is important. No Interest Payments. Additionally, you will need to consider inventory financing for a car dealership, which enables you to acquire vehicles without exhausting your initial capital. These loans are made against a specific piece of collateral (i. Facility Rent or Lease NOTE: this is the Free version of Growthink’s Ultimate Used Car Dealership Business Plan Template. Commission form CAR selling Designed specifically for car dealership owners and managers, this Excel spreadsheet helps you plan budgets, forecast revenues, and analyze profitability with ease. The automotive industry remains a lucrative market, but the barriers to entry are significant due to high initial costs and complex regulatory requirements. This ready-made business plan template is designed specifically for car dealerships, whether you’re opening a used car lot, a franchise dealership, or an independent car dealership. Overall, purchasing a new car dealership business requires strategic planning, financial resources, and a commitment to delivering quality products and services. It also references getting dealer licenses, hiring qualified employees, and complying with environmental laws. It helps establish your car dealership’s identity, navigate the competitive market, and secure funding for growth. Use this car dealership business plan template to create your car dealership business plan. Before Is your dealership seeking the financial freedom that it needs to grow and to thrive? Our floor plan financing services can offer that freedom and so much more. So, what exactly is a dealer floor plan and how do they work? Read on for answers, advice for balancing a floor plan, and KPIs to help you decide if they’re right for your dealership. Nov 14, 2024 · These car dealership inventory costs must be accounted for in your car dealership financial plan. , Vehicle Customization 22 Emphasize safety and quality 22 Sales And Marketing Strategies 23 Nov 22, 2024 · In this post, we will cover various aspects of a car dealership financial plan, including car dealership revenue model, car dealership profit margin, car dealership cash flow analysis, auto dealership income statement, automobile dealership financial statement, car dealership financial ratios, auto dealership financial metrics, and car dealer The name of the car dealership business and the concept behind it: new car dealership, used car dealership, small car dealership, luxury car dealership, private seller, online retailer, or something else. As a local car dealership, we recognized the absence of high-quality local car dealerships in the area and decided to fill this void. DriveWave Motors is a It is not as comprehensive and successful in raising capital for your car dealership as Growthink’s Ultimate Car Dealership Business Plan Template, but it can help you write a car dealership business plan of your own. Below is a summary table representing critical financial components that should be monitored: Tailored for Car Dealerships, this model generates accurate sales predictions based on specific Car Dealership income assumptions then automatically calculates and builds the financial statements. Nov 22, 2024 · Proper financial planning and access to adequate funding can make a crucial difference in the viability and growth of a new car dealership. Westlake Flooring Services provides floor plan lines of credit to licensed auto dealers throughout all 50 states. Examples Of Startup Budgets For Car Dealership Businesses. Its has covered the following features: 1. Let’s take a look at the business plan example of DriveWave Motors and get valuable insights into how to create a solid plan. The funds will be allocated as follows: CAR Dealership Financial Model. Effective financial planning involves multiple aspects, from budgeting to cash flow analysis. Nov 23, 2024 · Crafting a comprehensive financial projection model is a critical step in developing a robust business plan for your used car dealership. These tools offer great advice and insights to help you succeed in the service drive and grow your business. Vehicle Sales Income: Estimate earnings from the sale of new and used vehicles, considering factors such as inventory turnover, pricing strategies 1. Given the considerable startup capital required, it is advantageous to explore a variety of funding sources. This plan should outline your startup costs, operating expenses, revenue projections, and cash flow analysis, providing a clear roadmap for the financial viability of your business. This could be pivotal in your strategy, especially if you target high-demand models. Nov 1, 2024 · By carefully planning your car dealership financial plan and strategically managing your car dealership operating expenses, it is possible to turn your vision into a reality, even with a modest budget. A car dealership business plan outlines starting an automobile dealership selling new and used cars. Competition. Unlike traditional auto loans, car dealer financing may come with add-on services such as maintenance packages or free or discounted warranties, but this varies depending on the dealer. This arrangement allows dealerships to purchase vehicles from manufacturers or auctions without having to pay the full amount upfront. Ensure your team is trained to excel in these areas. This product (Car Dealership Financial Model – Dynamic 10 Year Forecast) is an Excel template (XLSX), which you can download immediately upon purchase. For example, if you anticipate hiring five sales representatives with an average salary of $40,000 , your direct salary expense alone would amount to $200,000 annually. Insurance Premiums. Dec 10, 2024 · In financing a used car dealership, it’s crucial to develop a detailed used car dealership financial plan that includes projected employee expenses. Used car dealers are notorious for unethical sales A car dealership business plan is a road-map for starting and growing your car dealership business. In order to qualify to use a car dealership floor plan, a dealer needs to have credit. Launching a profitable used car dealership takes thorough planning, consistent hard work and the ability to adapt to evolving market dynamics. The CAR Financial Services Floor Plan provides a dealer with a line of credit customized for their needs in order to buy inventory and keep business moving. Used Car Dealership Business Plan Example – PreLoved Motors Table of Contents. For a more detailed analysis of the financial planning for car dealerships, consider exploring resources that break down expected car dealership operating costs further, like those found in this article on running expenses. Download now and shift your dealership into high gear! Dec 20, 2024 · For further insights on effective budgeting, you may refer to resources such as this article, which outlines strategies for efficiently planning car dealership expenses. Investors and banks that lend may request a well prepared business plan that demonstrates the unique profitability of your company relative to alternative investments. A well-structured plan can prove to investors that your dealership is a worthy investment. For more tips on making your service department more profitable, check out our detailed business plan templates for car dealerships. In summary, careful planning and analysis of staff salaries in car dealerships can lead to significant savings and improved profitability in the long run, allowing dealerships like DriveFuture Motors to thrive in a competitive market. In the automotive industry, floorplanning is a type of loan that provides a revolving line of credit allowing a car dealer to obtain financing for retail goods. To further assist car dealerships in their strategic planning, we recommend utilizing our comprehensive Financial Plan Template (PowerPoint + Excel). Putting together a car dealership financial forecast may sound complex, but don’t worry, with the right tool, it’s easier than it looks, and The Business Plan Shop is here to guide you. Executive Summary; Company Overview; Industry It is not as comprehensive and successful in raising capital for your used car dealership business as Growthink’s Ultimate Used Car Dealership Business Plan Template, but it can help you write a used car dealership business plan of your own. Reliable Motors is seeking $1,000,000 in funding to establish and grow the business. Market analysis is vital to understand the demographic of potential car buyers, their buying habits, and the competitive landscape. This meticulously crafted financial tool is designed to assist investors, entrepreneurs, and stakeholders in assessing dealerships companies’ financial performance and growth BENEFITS OF DOCUMENT. Focusing on these financial strategies not only improves your dealership's operational efficiency but also enhances your standing in a competitive market. Present a snapshot of your dealership’s financial health, including assets, liabilities, and equity. Download our template today for a robust route to your business success. These loans are made against a specific vehicle like a passenger vehicle, RV, or a motorcycle. The car dealership financial model template provides a comprehensive 5-year framework for automotive financial planning, specifically tailored for both startup and existing dealerships. Sep 4, 2024 · This plan serves as your roadmap, detailing your vision, operational strategies, and financial plan. The business plan template provides a framework for organizing financial projections Nov 22, 2024 · Industry research suggests that the annual operating expenses for a typical car dealership can range from $1. Environmental Engines Toyota Honda GM believes our future cars should save even more energy and produce even less pollution. It incorporates key dealership performance metrics, including vehicle sales forecasting and cash flow management, allowing users to develop accurate revenue For effective financial planning for your car dealership, ensure that your management team is familiar with the financial requirements for a car dealership. Financial Model providing a dynamic 10-Year Financial Plan for a Car Dealership. Quickly & easily create your own, fully customized Used Car Dealership business plan using our business plan generator. Oct 22, 2024 · Take, for example, the financial impact of car dealerships in the U. There are two types: dealer-arranged and in-house. Recent update: Added payment terms for inventory purchases (also included accounts payable balance and potential for liquidation at exit). An initial financing plan is like a money map that shows where the money at the beginning of your car dealership business plan will come from and how it will be used. Think of it as planning a strategic route for a road trip: You need to be aware of the vehicles you have, the market you want to cater to, and the costs involved in acquiring, maintaining, and selling cars. When starting a used car dealership, having a comprehensive business plan is crucial. This template features six meticulously crafted chapters that cover everything from market analysis to financial projections, ensuring you have a robust foundation to attract investors. Sales forecasting is the foundation of any strategic financial plan. This template will guide dealerships in developing a well-rounded strategy that aligns with their SWOT analysis and optimizes their chances of success in the ever-evolving automotive industry. The good news is you have several alternatives to financing a vehicle with a car dealership to protect yourself. Floorplan is a line of credit that can be used at auctions as a payment method to pay for their purchases. For car dealerships, success in service-to-sales needs a Construct a winning car dealership business plan with our free Car Dealership Business Plan Template. CAR Financial Services has focused the floor plan product specifically on the needs of the sub-prime and BHPH dealer market. This ready-made business plan template is designed specifically for used car dealerships, catering to both aspiring entrepreneurs and established dealers looking to refine their business model. Share On: Car Dealer, Car Services, Financial Model, Retail, Service Businesses: Almost everyone needs a car to get from point A to B. Also, they provided employment to nearly 1. Leverage Technology : Implement accounting software and automation to streamline car dealers' financial operations and improve reconciliation efficiency. In this practical guide, we'll cover everything you need to know about building financial projections for your car dealership. The dealership then repays the lender when the vehicle is sold or the loan matures . Company structure of your car dealership business whether it is a sole proprietorship, LLC, partnership firm, or others. Car Dealership Business Plan . Understand loan dynamics, ensuring a sound financial plan for your Car Dealership venture. A successful car dealership should aim for a gross profit margin of 20-25% on new vehicles and 30-35% on used vehicles because these margins help ensure the dealership remains profitable while staying competitive in the market. Lastly, the module consists of the revenue model, balance sheet, cash flow statement, break-even analysis, DCF valuation, and profit and loss statement. The key lies in understanding which costs can be reduced and leveraging technology and partnerships effectively. To devise a financial plan for your car dealership business, you will need to consider a number of factors, including your start-up costs, operating costs, projected revenue, and expenses. Your financial plan should include projections for your revenue, expenses, and cash flow. It comes pre-written with all the necessary sections, including a comprehensive business overview, operations plan, and updated market research with 2024 data. Strategic financial planning for car dealerships involves several critical components designed to optimize the operational and financial health of the business. ClickUp’s Business Plan Template for Used Car Dealership includes: Custom Statuses: Track the progress of your business plan with statuses like Complete, In Progress, Needs Revision, and To Do, ensuring that every step is accounted for. Frequently Asked Questions . Allocate around $100,000 as an estimate for startup costs, which can vary based on location and vehicle inventory. This includes understanding start-up costs for dealership operations, which can typically range from $100,000 to $500,000 , depending on location and inventory choices. Read our guides below and let us partner in your success. 1 million workers across various departments, from sales to service technicians. Whether you run a small independent dealership or a multi-location franchise, our financial model adapts to your unique business structure, empowering you to make informed financial Nov 14, 2024 · For instance, if competitors do not offer a comprehensive financing solution, your dealership can stand out by providing flexible financing options, enhancing your car dealership business plan. They should cover initial setup costs, ongoing operational expenses, and revenue forecasts. We’re here to provide your car dealership with the resources it needs to expand. As a dealer sells their unit, they pay back the original loan. an auto, RV, manufactured home, etc. Financial summary 2. Oct 10, 2024 · After developing a comprehensive business plan, the next critical step in launching your new car dealership involves securing the necessary financing. Version 1 (Original Version): 28/03/2018 10:31 GMT Version 2: 28/03/2018 10:32 GMT INVENTORY FINANCING. e. Demonstrate financial viability: Use your car dealership startup guide to show how your dealership can generate revenues and profit margins that exceed industry averages. Saving on interest can sometimes be thousands of dollars in savings to your bottom line when buying a car in cash. Leverage the Car Dealership Financial Plan Template for a clear loan repayment strategy. In an industry that continues to show remarkable growth, it is crucial for dealership owners and entrepreneurs to understand the intricate process of Nov 14, 2024 · This further emphasizes the need for thorough car dealership financial management practices. To mitigate these risks, detailed planning and having a well-crafted business plan for a car dealership is essential. Finacial Statement. Car dealership owners and entrepreneurs can use the Business Plan Template for Car Dealerships to create a comprehensive plan that outlines their strategies and financial projections. Here’s why having a detailed auto dealership business plan is crucial: Dec 24, 2024 · When you finance a vehicle with a car dealership, you are, in reality, dealing with an intermediary. Your business plan outlines your business concept, identifies your target customers, presents your marketing strategy, and details your financial projections. 7. Understanding and planning for these will be crucial for securing used car dealership financing and maintaining profitability. The real version of Growthink’s Ultimate Used Car Dealership Business Plan DriveWave Dealers is a new Car Dealership dedicated to serving customers in Chandler, AZ. You’re also vulnerable to some of the most costly car dealer scams. com [Company Name] competes against other new and used car dealerships, as well as online-only auto dealers and private consumer sales. Floor plan financing is a specialized type of loan used by car dealerships to finance their inventory. See full list on growthink. Establish Operational Processes. This model serves as a roadmap, allowing you to forecast revenue, expenses, and cash flow, ultimately determining the financial viability of your venture. What is Floorplan Financing? Floorplanning is a common way for dealers to acquire inventory for their dealership. The plan discusses making up profits lost on new car sales through services like a car wash. Understanding car sales revenue projections, profit margins, and operational expenses is key. Industry Overview. Dealers can also floorplan vehicles with other methods other than auction purchases, too! Automobile dealerships use floor plan financing to acquire inventory. It encompasses market analysis, business model, financial projections, and marketing strategy, equipping you to craft a comprehensive plan driving your car dealership towards success. CAR Dealership financial model is useful to set up the CAR Showroom through franchisee, The user of this model is to estimate the revenue and profitability of the business over period of 5 years. Project your revenue and expenses to provide insights into your dealership’s profitability. Sep 30, 2024 · Create financial projections for car dealership outlining revenue expectations and break-even analysis. Jan 9, 2024 · And if you need more detailed information please check our business plan for a car dealership business and financial plan for a car dealership business. These metrics not only gauge the dealership’s profitability but also provide insights into overall financial health. Highlight Value-Added Services: Focus on specific services that add value to the customer experience. New Cars 20 Used Cars 20 Maintenance 21 Repairs 21 Specific Service, e. 5 million to $3 million, depending on various factors. May 9, 2024 · Strategic Financial Planning: Use strategic planning to enhance the position of the dealership and grow your business through effective budgeting and forecasting. Car Dealership Financial Statements. What is floor plan financing? Floor plan financing is a revolving line of credit that allows the borrower to obtain financing for retail goods. The first and arguably most critical startup cost for a new car dealership business is securing the right location. Led by Jack Anderson, mechanical engineer and environmental guru; Jim Handy, public relations consultant; and Frank Lee Good, environmental and corporate attorney, Environmental Engines Toyota Honda GM is going to climb to the top of the auto sales industry. This “ Car Dealership Business Plan ” model, comprising more than 40 pages, was developed with the supervision of banking advisors, accountants and a professional in the sector. The Amortization of Loans section in the “Car Dealership Financial Plan Template” is a financial roadmap, guiding you through the repayment structure with precision. Develop an operational plan for car dealership that includes inventory management, sales processes, and customer service standards. We are breaking the ‘glass ceiling’ – our funding allows your dealership to spend the funds as they wish, on co Environmental Car Dealership Business Plan . Sep 6, 2018 · Though dealership savings can be used to purchase inventory, one of the simplest means of acquiring inventory is using floor plan financing for used car dealers. Further, our New and Used Car Dealership Business Plan PPT includes a financial overview that assures a well-thought and carefully considered proposition. Presents a dynamic 10-Year Financial Plan for a startup or operating Car Dealership DESCRIPTION. To get started, hit “Add Template” to sign up for ClickUp and add the template to your Workspace. Jun 17, 2024 · Starting a car dealership is an ambitious venture that requires careful planning and substantial financial investment. In the car dealership business, financial planning serves as the cornerstone for sustainable growth. ujzca qbb moakk bwern hnvxzzp hdenp pmykg pyxo ifozqk qnub