Missing salah in dream islam To be on the safe side, the kaffarah or fidia for each salah is equal to 1. #dreaminterpretation #Islamicdreams #prayinginislam May 4, 2003 · The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The covenant that stands between us and them is prayer; whoever gives up prayer is a kafir (disbeliever). com Dreaming about missing Salah, a critical component of Islamic practice, can be laden with significant predictions and insights into one’s future. Find the Muslim meaning & explanations about Missed Salah on myIslamicDreams. If I asked Allah for anything then He granted it to me, Alhamdullilah. Learn how such dreams reflect one's spiritual state, devotion, and search for divine guidance, providing a Assalamu alaikum I missed fajr prayer today, even though I am 99% sure of setting my alarm the night before to wake up on time. 2-Seeing that one has lost his eyesight one eye in a dream means that ; Half his faith/religion will be wasted or; A Believer Seeing A Dream Dream Explanation — Abu Hurarirah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (s. Islamic dream interpretation for Missing Salah. 75 KG of wheat or its equivalent value (in currency). Sometimes I remember and do ghusl sometimes I don’t remember the dream and see no discharge still I doubt throughout the day. Find the Muslim meaning & explanations about Missing Salah on myIslamicDreams. This person is sinning Apr 7, 2020 · The scholars who say that he should make up the prayer do not say that by making it up he is absolved of sin, rather they say that by making it up his burden of sin is reduced, but the sin of missing and delaying the prayer beyond its prescribed time is like any other sin, it needs either repentance or good deeds that will erase it or other Prayer Niche Or Mihrab Dream Explanation — • Praying in the prayer niche: Good augury in view of a verse in the Holy Quran: “And the angels called to him as he stood praying in the prayer niche: Allah grive thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) Yahya (John), (who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah, lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous. • Praying in the prayer niche but not at the right time: Welfare for the dreamer’s progeny or successors. Your General Meaning. Festival prayers in dreams in Islam. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) told us what to do upon seeing a bad dream. Lost Eyesight. As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh. If the deceased is unknown, then performing the funeral prayers in a dream means employment for a jobless person, profits from a partnership, or it could denote failure to adequately performing one's regular obligatory prayers, or being oft-forgetful, and The Zawahir sect have said that a person does become a kafir by missing his or her salah. ” (“Al-Imran” [The Imran Family Sep 13, 1999 · The evidence of the Sunnah that proves that the one who neglects the prayer is a kaafir includes the hadeeth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): “Between a man and shirk and kufr there stands his neglect of the prayer. In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. You are experiencing a closer connection to a person. In Islam, dreams are viewed as a sort of spiritual perception. This article delves into the nuanced interpretations of such dreams within the Islamic context, highlighting the deep emotional and spiritual connections they signify. The overall atmosphere of the dream, the presence of other symbols, and the dreamer’s emotional response all contribute to a more accurate and personalized interpretation. As for the fingers of the left hand in a dream, they are interpreted to represent one's nephews. Something personal and that you really want. Punishment in the grave for missing Salah; People will be questioned on the day of Qiyamah regarding good health and cool water; The importance of performing nafl Salah before going on travel; The first things a woman will be questioned about on the Day of Qiyamah Dec 7, 2023 · Do Islamic scholars offer specific interpretations for different exam subjects in dreams? Islamic dream interpretation may not be subject-specific; instead, it emphasizes universal themes of self-improvement, spiritual growth, and faith. If a Muslim does,t say his prayers then does he/she gets the status of Kafir? A Hadith mentioning a punishment for intentionally missing out Salah; Is swearing an oath with belief of kufr upon non-fulfillment considered kufr? Is missing Fajr salah a mistake & how can I seek forgiveness for missing it for a week? Seeing a black and white cat in a dream islam represents balance of these powerful forces within you. It is time to move on and look toward the future. Islamic dream interpretation for Missing Prayers. And dreams are three types: The good dreams Funeral prayers Dream Explanation — Performing the funeral prayers (arb. 1) In another hadith the r/islam is the place to discuss any topics related to Islam & Muslims. Such dreams are often perceived as a prelude to forthcoming challenges that may test an individual’s faith and perseverance. ” Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 2621; al-Nasai, 431; Ibn Majah, 1079. This dream is unfortunately a warning for a hidden part of yourself that you are trying to reject and push back into your subconscious. ” (“Al-Imran” [The Imran Family Seeing Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu-Alayhi-wasallam) Dream Explanation — Abu Hurrairah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (s. " Seeing a black and white cat in a dream islam represents balance of these powerful forces within you. Fardh – Imperative (missing a fardh salah is considered a grave sin). Islamic Dream Interpretation of Being Naked. 2-According to Khalaf Ashfani رحمة الله عليه, if someone sees milk coming out of their thumb or blood from their index finger in a dream, then it means that they will fight with their Mother-in-law. Is missing Fajr salah a mistake & how can I seek forgiveness for missing it for a week? Sleeping After Eating and Praying Fajr; A Question Regarding Fajr Adhan; Can I sleep after Fajr prayer? What should I recite if I see a snake in my dream? Also is their any significance in the time of a dream, i. It is advisable that you speak to the exam invigilators to facilitate your prayers. However, other scholars have said that the person has committed such an action, which has taken him close to leaving the fold of Islam. There is a lengthy Hadith recorded in Sahih Ibn Hibban, Mustadrak Hakim and other Hadith collections on the authority of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (radiyallahu ‘anhu), which states t Nov 9, 2023 · Hadith about missing fajr prayer. There is a lengthy Hadith recorded in Sahih Ibn Hibban, Mustadrak Hakim and other Hadith collections on the authority of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (radiyallahu ‘anhu), which states t Identifying the Islamic Centers and/or Masjids close to your work will save you from missing Salah under unforeseen workplace problems! In the event you can’t pray at work because it’s super noisy, or all of the rooms are occupied, your closest center will be the next best place for you. I just don't I sleep through fajr and then think that whats the point if I miss one salah. Understand the symbolic narratives, personal and spiritual implications, and potential future insights these dreams can offer. Answer Before answering your questions I will firstly relate a passage written by Hazrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (RA) regarding the virtues of Jummah (Friday) and the Jummah salah. If a person sees in her dream that she missed prayer time and feels sad because of that, this may mean that she will face difficulties in her life. "So when one of you sees a dream which he does not like, he should spit on his left side three times, seek refuge with Allah from Shaitan thrice, and change the side which he was lying (Sahih Muslim) and in another narration in Muslim, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) told us if we spit Missing Jummah Salah due to work In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful. Classed as saheeh (authentic) by al-Albani in Saheeh al-Tirmidhi, 2113. Learn about the symbolism of Salah in dreams and how these visions can highlight personal growth, spiritual fulfillment, and the overcoming of Discover the profound meanings of Missing And Salah in your dreams: Explore 43 diverse dream interpretations related to the symbolism of missing and salah. Please tell the meaning of this dream. Oct 26, 2023 · islam. The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace said), ‘The Friday prayer is a binding duty upon every Muslim save four: a slave who is owned by another, a woman, a child, and the sick’ (Nasai). Some believe it may represent a loss of power or influence in one’s waking life. Since I was young, I prayed as how my mum asked me to and obeyed her. The Quran uses four words to describe dreams: Bushra (news), Ru’yaa (vision), Manam (sleep), and Hulum (dream). For a single woman, this vision of missing the afternoon prayer may indicate a delay in important life events, such as marriage Q: I have a scary problem. w) said: "Dreams are of three types: The true dream, dreams about something that has happened to the man himself, and dreams in which the Shaitan frightens someone. Most will be different. Dead Cat Dream Meaning Islam The meaning of seeing a dead cat in Islamic dreams means you are lacking autonomy and independence in some area of your life. 1-According to Ibn Sirin رحمة الله عليه, the most incredible dream interpreter of Islam, seeing eyes in the dream is interpreted as seeing a man with sight who is now moving on the path of righteousness. Nov 20, 1999 · Interpretation of dreams in Islam falls into various categories: 1- Dreams may be interpreted in light of the Quran, 2- or in light of the Sunnah, 3- or by means of the proverbs, 4- or by names and metaphors, 5- or in terms of opposites. I saw myself in difficulty in salah , i see that i am going for the salah or about to do salah but much difficulty and i end up a) He could end up ultimately leaving the faith, as sins lead a person out of Islam. When i got up in the morning i didnot care and kept on saying namaz. As far as I know Allah doesn't forgive the sins that r purposely made. (5) A reference to grief, sorrow, and the loss of one’s family, especially the most cherished child; the interpreter of dreams; frequent travel; plenty of money; price increase; and lost or found objects. Prayer Niche Or Mihrab Dream Explanation — • Praying in the prayer niche: Good augury in view of a verse in the Holy Quran: “And the angels called to him as he stood praying in the prayer niche: Allah grive thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) Yahya (John), (who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah, lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous. Asalamu Alaykum! I've been Muslim for about two-three months now. This is especially true if the call is placed outside of the appropriate time frame. Funeral prayers Dream Explanation — Performing the funeral prayers (arb. What does the symbols of missing and salah symbolize in a dream? “Verily between man and between polytheism and unbelief is the negligence of prayer. Understand what it means to pray in your dreams and the spiritual messages it may hold. Dreams involving missing bottom teeth can carry different meanings in Islamic dream interpretation. Meaning: Hearing Adhan in a dream. In a dream, if a person deliberately avoids doing an obligatory prayer or makes plans to do so at a later time, it is a sign that the person views his religious obligations as unimportant and intends to adjust his perspective at a later time. You can take a prayer mat with you and pray your fardh salah in the corner of the exam room. • Urinating in the prayer niche: Will have a son who will become a Muslim spiritual leader, as the mihrab basically represents the imam. ” (“Al-Imran” [The Imran Family Jun 26, 2002 · With regard to missing prayers, one of the following two scenarios must apply: 1 – When you miss a prayer unintentionally, for a legitimate shar’i excuse, such as forgetting or sleeping, although you are basically very keen to perform the prayer on time. b) If he considers this sin [of abandoning Salah] to be permissible, then he will be considered out of the fold. Yaaqoub (5) An absent son or a missing relative will come back, or there will be a reunion with loved ones. Explore the profound significance of dreaming about praying Salah. I try to pray but. The Moon of the First Night of the Lunar Month Dream Explanation — If a person sees the crescent of the first night of the lunar month, but in reality it is not the first day of the lunar month, one of the following interpretations could be given : (a) he will been entrusted with someduty pertaining to governing of the land or country, (9) a child will be born in his home,(c) a missing Salamoalaykum Brother, I have a question and I request you to please help me to get the answer of my question. Explore the rich tradition of dream interpretation with a focus on the Islamic practice of Salah. If the deceased is unknown, then performing the funeral prayers in a dream means employment for a jobless person, profits from a partnership, or it could denote failure to adequately performing one's regular obligatory prayers, or being oft-forgetful, and r/islam is the place to discuss any topics related to Islam & Muslims. However, I keep getting deluded through radical thoughts of deconverting that I can't usually control. If you dream that you are leading the festival prayers (‘Eid) at the end of the month of Ramadan, it means you will be successful. Seeing a lady called to prayer while standing on top of a minaret in a dream denotes innovation and problems. Janaza) in a dream means interceding on behalf of the deceased. If you want to read more about this topic, follow the dream interpretation in Islam. You may be having work related problems in your life. net Explore the spiritual and psychological implications of dreaming about missing Salat, the obligatory Islamic prayer. Sometimes I remember and do ghusl sometimes I don't remember the dream and see no discharge still I doubt throughout the day. Would there be any valid reasons or excuses in Shariah for habitually missing the first takbir and/or rakats? A: Wa Alaikum As Prayer Niche Or Mihrab Dream Explanation — • Praying in the prayer niche: Good augury in view of a verse in the Holy Quran: “And the angels called to him as he stood praying in the prayer niche: Allah grive thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) Yahya (John), (who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah, lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous. a. Excuses for missing Salah? In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful. w) said: "In the end of time, the dreams of a believer will hardly ever fail to come true, and the most truthful of them in dreams will be the truest in speech among them. This dream means strength, protection and stability. " Dec 11, 2022 · Islam urges performing this prayer on time and warns against delaying it. It should be noted that fardh as well as witr are considered as part of the missed salah so the total number of salats every day is considered as 6. The thumb represents the pre-dawn prayer, the index represents the midday prayer, the middle finger represents the mid-afternoon prayer, the ring finger represents the sunset prayer, and the little finger represents the evening prayer. 1-Seeing a painful finger in a dream in a way that is not healing or soothing means that his wealth will go, and he will be sad about it. In this case you are excused but you have to make it up as soon as you remember it. Answer (Fatwa: 2606/2102=H/1429) (1) If tilawah is done punctually in the house, there shall Dream about Missing Salah means tranquility, spirituality, faith, peace, purity, joy and bliss. ” (“Al-Imran” [The Imran Family Prayer Niche Or Mihrab Dream Explanation — • Praying in the prayer niche: Good augury in view of a verse in the Holy Quran: “And the angels called to him as he stood praying in the prayer niche: Allah grive thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) Yahya (John), (who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah, lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous. For more, please see the detailed answer. Oct 15, 2023 · This article delves into the nuances of interpreting dreams of nudity within the Islamic context. Punishment in the grave for missing Salah; People will be questioned on the day of Qiyamah regarding good health and cool water; The importance of performing nafl Salah before going on travel; The first things a woman will be questioned about on the Day of Qiyamah Aug 3, 2016 · It means you still have iman, and now you need to do amal (action) on this iman by sincere repentance and never missing your salah again. 49 different dream interpretations related to the missing and salah you see in your dream. Praying daily salah/Salat on time is very important because it’s the obligation in Islam and teaches punctuality and balance. 1- According to Ibn Sirin رحمة الله عليه, the most incredible dream interpreter of Islam, m aking Wudu in detail in a dream, as per the ablution guidelines, means that one’s needs shall be fulfilled. From last couple of years I am seeing a dream which really disturbing me. If you pray salah or salat in a dream, it means you kept a promise, met a goal, or got relief and comfort after being upset. Performing Salat in dreams has different islamic meanings, most of them are quite positive, favourable and promising. We have an infatuation with dreams. What Islamic prayers or practices can help manage anxiety after dreaming about failing exams? As stated above bad dreams are from Shaitan. [1] Prayer Niche Or Mihrab • A woman praying in the prayer niche: Will give birth to a male child. If the deceased is unknown, then performing the funeral prayers in a dream means employment for a jobless person, profits from a partnership, or it could denote failure to adequately performing one's regular obligatory prayers, or being oft-forgetful, and Missing to perform a prayer in a dream in Islam. So-and-so slept and missed the prayer yesterday until morning came. This page explores the significance of the prayer, emphasizing that AlFaatihah is essential for validity in Islamic prayers, as highlighted in Hadith. Six months before in my dream I saw as praying Jumuah’s sunnah salah in Kaaba. And my feeling was that no problems are there and that feeling was very happy which I did not get in my real life. Read more meanings in islamic meaning of doing salat in Oct 30, 2022 · Discover the significance of seeing yourself praying in a dream in Islam. 6kgs of wheat in the area that you live in. , during sleep b4 Fajr, after Fajr? Sep 17, 2006 · asalam o alilkum Mufti sahib about 2 months a go i had a wet dream (and i had wet dreams 4 or 5 times in different nights at that time). The meaning of the symbols of missing and salah seen in a dream. . Members Online I (non-Muslim) walked in on my colleague praying and I thought he was crying. Jan 21, 2023 · If a young man sees the dawn prayer in his dream, this is evidence that he will travel abroad and leave him to his family members in order to improve his living conditions. com Islamic dream interpretation for Missed Salah. Our Holy prophet Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ has given many hadiths about prayer/salah and its importance in our daily life. That's why the istikhara prayer , which isn't really different than prayer for rain, is seen as something where you are guided by a dream. There is that hadith, we are all sinners, and the best of us are those who repent with true sincerity. Different Types of Salah: There are four different types of Salah which make up the five daily prayers. I saw a dream and in it i felt i was not satisfied and (felt fluid)on waking up. Performing Salaah in the Kabah If a person sees himself performing salaah in the Kabah in the proper manner, observing complete ruku and sajdah and adopting inner serenity and outer calmness, then it means that he is rightly divided by Allah and steadfast upon the sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (sallallaahu Take your dream and tell it to 10 dream scholars. Hadiths say to pray five times a day, on time The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If anyone of you sees a dream that he likes, then it is from Allah, and he should thank Allah for it and narrate it to others; but if he sees something else, i. Islamic dream interpretation is rooted in the traditions, scriptures, and teachings of Islam. com See full list on lifeinsaudiarabia. Performing Ablution I feel sick, I miss salah on purpose. '” Conclusion: Prayer is serious business in Islam. Meaning: Seeing Masjid in a dream. If children call to prayer in a dream, it represents that the uneducated will rule the region. Dear Brother, We did not come across any specific hadith mentioning that one will be thrown in the fire for missing Salah with Jamat. If the deceased is unknown, then performing the funeral prayers in a dream means employment for a jobless person, profits from a partnership, or it could denote failure to adequately performing one's regular obligatory prayers, or being oft-forgetful, and Seeing 'missing salaah' in your dream. Furthermore, dream interpretation, also known as oneiromancy, is denoted by the Arabic titles ‘Tafsir’ or ‘Tabir’ within the Muslim community. Answer It is narrated by Saaiduna Jabir Radiallahu Anhu that the Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alahi Wasalam said “Between man and disbelief is the abandonment of Salah”. Answer (Fatwa: 1681/1681/M=1433)In-shaAllah, you shall be saved from enemies. Understand how these dreams reflect your spiritual journey, personal growth, and future directions. However, you should double-check with a reliable Muslim doctor to make sure the fear is genuine and reasonable. May 15, 2023 · Woman calling to prayer in a dream in Islam. ”[2] Exams are not an excuse for missing the prayers at their times. May 2, 2008 · “If one of you sleeps and misses a prayer, or forgets it, let him offer the prayer when he remembers, for Allah says ‘and perform As-Salah (Iqamat-as-Salah) for My remembrance’ [Ta-Ha 20:14]. May 19, 2013 · As for missing one, I am not aware of any punishment, and again there has to be a good excuse, if it was missed on purpose but you still make it up or make the other salat you are not abandoning the salat altogether, and when you abandon it altogether that is when you become a kafir, and Allah knows best. " In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Try to look forward to making a dua during prayer. Others interpret it as a sign of potential financial struggles or the need to address neglected responsibilities. The guilt feeling is the level of belief. Understand how such dreams reflect internal conflicts, societal pressures, and a call for spiritual realignment. However, the dream might even suggest refusing to recognize someone’s feminine power or Nov 15, 1997 · As such the hadith of Abu Huraira remains a strong argument for the obligation of salat al jama'ah. In Islamic Shari‘ah, missing salah with jamah without a Shar‘ai excuse has been rebuked in the ahadith of Rasulullah Sallallaho Alyhi Wasallam. Discover the profound meanings of Missing, Magrib And Prayer in your dreams: Explore 17 diverse dream interpretations related to the symbolism of missing, magrib and prayer. Islam is extremely important to me, as it always has been, and I'm always incredibly guilty whenever I miss a prayer. Are there any narrations which mention the severity or sin of regularly missing the beginning of Salah with Jamat, i. Asalamu alaikum, I am eager to know what, seeing 2 of your family members go to hajj then come back can mean in a dream. Discover how dreams about completing Salah can offer profound insights into one's spiritual state, emotional well-being, and even predict future events. So whoever sees what he dislikes, then he should get up and perform Salah. A Believer Seeing A Dream Dream Explanation — Abu Hurarirah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (s. Most dreams are not signs from Allah. ” He missed the prayer with no excuse; rather he ignored it until the time for it ended, out of laziness and carelessness. Neglecting Salah due to laziness will certainly be a cause of punishment in the grave. 58 v. Q: Assalamu Alaykum 1. And then later regret it. May 15, 2023 · Performing Salat in dreams : Islamic Meaning. It was narrated that Abdullah said: “A man said: ‘O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). You are taking a risk. May 15, 2023 · A jobless individual may have a dream in which they are bending in prayer, which signifies their acquiring a job. Find the Muslim meaning & explanations about Missing Prayers on myIslamicDreams. Meaning: Reciting the Quran in a dream. Dec 15, 2023 · Context and Emotions are Important: As with many dream interpretations in Islamic tradition, the context of the dream and the emotions felt during the dream are critical. missing the first takbeer and/or rakats? 2. What Muslim narrated in his Sahih that a blind man said, "Oh Messenger of Allah, I do not have someone to guide me to the Mosque," and thus asked the Messenger to grant him special permission not to attend congregational prayers. Making a habit of missing salah with jamah and offering it at home is incorrect and you should try your utmost best to go to the mosque for fajr salah . There are no hadith and Quran verses to base it off of. Dream about Missing Salah means tranquility, spirituality, faith, peace, purity, joy and bliss. This is how my story begins. But after that i didnot remember my dream that whether i was satisfied in my dream (whether mazi came or mani). e. Missing the Fajr prayer in a dream Salah is an effective obligatory prayer in Islam for all Muslims to pray five times daily on time. Explore the profound insights into the human psyche through dream interpretation, focusing specifically on dreams involving Islamic ritual prayer, or salah. Oct 14, 2024 · The Significance of Missing Bottom Teeth. Or will Allah even accept my other salah if I missed the first I am becoming selfish. Missing salah in dream is an admonition for your ambitions, your life and where you want to be headed. " However, some times after Fajr salah I sleep and later on waking I doubt if I had a wet dream or not. It is believed that Allah will provide clarity and understanding through this practice. In principle, the value of a fidya for each missed Salah and missed Fast will be calculated at the average rate of 1. Interpretation of a dream about dawn prayer for a man indicates getting rid of worries and problems and having a calm, stable life. Dec 6, 2023 · Prayer and Supplication: Seeking Allah’s guidance through prayer and supplication before and after interpreting a dream is highly recommended in Islam. ’ He said: ‘The Shaitan has urinated in that one’s ears. But I was also having dreams of my phone ringing loudly and me turning it off, so I think I turned off the real alarm, thinking it was a dream. Second Evidence. (Mishkaatul Masaabeeh p. However, the dream might even suggest refusing to recognize someone’s feminine power or A Believer Seeing A Dream Dream Explanation — Abu Hurarirah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (s. Missing Jummah Salah due to working in restaurants In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful. (Zahrur Ruba ‘alal Mujtaba, and Hashiyatus Sindi ‘alal Mujtaba, Hadith: 463) And Allah Ta’ala Knows best, Answered by: Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar However, some times after Fajr salah I sleep and later on waking I doubt if I had a wet dream or not. ” (Narrated by Muslim in Kitaab al-Eemaan from Jaabir ibn ‘Abd-Allah from the Prophet (peace and Mar 29, 2003 · Discover the inspiring journey of a new Muslim who learned to recite AlFaatihah flawlessly in a dream after struggling for months. Uncover the hidden messages and symbolism behind missing and salah in your dream journey. A Muslim offers prayer out of humility and love to show their inner devotion to Allah because he or she depends on him. The feeling you have is good. , a dream that he dislikes, then it is from Satan, and he should seek refuge with Allah from its evil, and he should not mention it to anybody, for it will not harm him. Also, what does being scared that you will miss a prayer, or missing a prayer in dreams mean? Jazak Allah. 2) What does it mean to dream yourself making Wudhu and offering the salah? 3) Also I always dream that I am in some place where I have already been and try to either find the way out of it or trying to find some particular room but am lost. cto vsm posdl qkqg bnbr tyb iwvyr ivfz xfsifa swzcj